The spectacular waters of the Indian Ocean surrounding Mnemba fall within a 200-metre protected zone and provide a sanctuary for a host of marine animals and magnificent coral reefs. CC Africa has exclusive traversing rights over this area. Just below the surface, and down to the seabed, are vibrant ecosystems to match the excitement and splendour of the African savannahs and tropical forests.

If you walk barefoot along the beach after dark, you will be entranced by the light created by your footprints on the wet sand. This remarkable phenomena is caused by phosphorescence in the surf.

The inky green forest light gives shelter to the rare Zanzibar suni antelope and is filled with White Forest Vagrant butterflies. There are no snakes, mosquitoes, scorpions or rats on the island, adding to the assertion that this truly is paradise on earth.

The lagoon is like a huge tropical fish tank, full of colourful marine organisms. Over 300 species of fish are present. Marine life includes Powderblue Surgeonfish, Green and Hawksbill Turtle, Vagabond Butterflyfish, Semicircle Angelfish, Clown Tigerfish, Long-horned Cowfish, Moorish Idol, Manta Ray, Ghost Crabs and bottlenosed, spinner and striped dolphin. The striped dolphin is the most common marine mammal, but other dolphins and whales are also present. The gigantic, harmless Whale Shark, the world's largest fish, is a frequent visitor to Mnemba. A host of other sharks and rays are also present. Game fish include barracuda and marlin, and these are tagged before being released.

Corals need sunlight to function, but they are not plants. They are, in fact, gregarious, anemone-like, filter-feeding animals belonging to a large invertebrate group. In addition to the great variety of fish, coral reefs are home to a host of other fascinating creatures including spectacular anemones, nudibranches, starfish, crabs and molluscs.

Crab Plover, Eurasian Oystercatcher, Purple-branded Sunbird, Bar-tailed Godwit and the glimmering Paradise Flycatcher are found on Mnemba. Crab Plovers are probably the most interesting birds on Mnemba and usually the most sought-after by serious bird-watchers.

Some birds capture small invertebrates, sand shrimps and sea lice. Those frequently seen on the shores are Curlew Sandpiper, Sanderling, Ruddy Turnstone, and the Mongolian or Lesser Sandplover. An abundance of water and wading birds are sighted daily.

At high tide, flocks of wading birds can be seen on sandbars at Mnemba. This may not seem remarkable until it is realised that most of these birds are thousands of kilometres away from their breeding grounds in the Arctic tundra. What is even more phenomenal is that they undertake the long trip from the frozen north to the African tropics twice a year throughout their lives. The greatest numbers of Palearctic waders occur along the East African coast between late August and early May.

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The forest in the centre of Mnemba Island consists almost entirely of the so-called Whistling Pine. Judging from the parallel formations, it appears to have been planted there in years gone by. This tree is not considered indigenous to Africa although it is now naturalised and propagates freely along tropical coasts throughout the world. It is thought to originate in the Far East or Australia. These trees are often grown as dune-stabilisers, and the Mnemba forest may indeed serve to keep the island intact in the face of eroding ocean currents.

Dominant on the outer fringe of the island is the distinctive Screw Pine which supports itself with its strong aerial roots. Wild Rubber Fig, Giant-leaved Fig, Coast Milkwood and Dune Cross-berry are among the other native tree species to be seen.

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Mnemba Island is covered by a flush of forest and caressed by pure white sand. The dunes dip down into the warm Indian Ocean. Here, you can discover a variety of marine-associated habitats from a placid lagoon to beautiful coral reefs, where ocean life flourishes.

The cottages of Mnemba Island Lodge are built largely from local materials. The aesthetic impact of construction on this beautiful island was taken into consideration, and the cottages are positioned discreetly just beyond the beach, in the Pandanus (Screw Pine) forest.

The island uses solar energy to supply electricity for lights and refrigeration purposes. This reduces air pollution. To protect the porous sand and ground water table from contamination, separate septic tanks have been built for each unit. Refuse is sorted and only bio-degradable material is buried on the island.

No live corals, fish or shells may be collected. Game fishing occurs outside the 200m controlled zone around the island, and all fish caught are photographed, tagged and released.

CC Africa is concerned about over-fishing and damage to the Mnemba atoll caused by local activities. In this regard, the company is actively lobbying government to declare the entire atoll a marine park thereby extending the current 200-metre protection zone around the island. This will ensure no fishing occurs in the area. CC Africa will in turn set up a community trust to support local fishermen and pay them a fee for not fishing. The company is therefore working with the marine council of Zanzibar to promote alternative - and more productive - practices amongst local fishermen.

CC Africa has already contributed to install fish aggregating devices at strategic points. This program, which is designed to increase yields to local fishermen, is due for expansion and is regarded by the CC Africa leadership as a high priority.